The Science of Reading research speaks to best practices necessary to support successful readers; however, today’s discourse around the “Science of Reading” often limits the scope of reading instruction needed to support all learners. In this brief Q&A, Dr. Peter Afflerbach explains why the “Sciences of Reading” provides a more comprehensive framework of the factors necessary for reading achievement, and the crucial role that metacognition plays in providing lasting reading competencies that ensure life-long reading success.